The 8 Worst Habits for Your Joints

2. Carrying excess weight

Being overweight or having obesity is one of the most common conditions that negatively affect joint (and bone) health, according to the AAO

Participants who had obesity, defined as having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher, were about three to five times as likely to get knee osteoarthritis. Being overweight, defined as having a BMI ranging from 25 to 29.9, can be equally taxing on joints. Every pound of body weight puts 4 to 6 pounds of pressure on each knee joint, the AAOS reports. If you have obesity, you’re 20 times more likely to need a knee replacement compared with people who are at their optimal weight.

Weight loss (along with exercise) was named as one of the most effective ways to manage osteoarthritis symptoms, according to a 2024 report in The Journal of Rheumatology.

3. Physical Inactivity

Staying active can help keep your joints lubricated so you can keep moving, which in turn can lower inflammation and boost muscle around the joint.

Frequent sitting also “leads to muscle tightness in the hips and legs, and weakness of core-stabilizing muscles,” Mascarinas says.

To counter it, aim for 30 minutes of joint-friendly exercise five days a week. 

“Moderate, low-impact activities like walking, water aerobics and swimming are easy on the joints,” Mascarinas says. “If you have osteoarthritis, avoid deep squats and deep lunges, running, repetitive jumping and activities with quick turns and sudden stops like basketball and tennis.”

And make a point of breaking up bouts of sitting every 30 minutes or so with a couple minutes’ worth of stretches. Doing so helps keep joints lubricated, says Dr. Akhil Chhatre, director of spine rehabilitation and assistant professor of physical medicine and rehabilitation at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. “I advise my patients to maintain some activity throughout the day but to expect increased pain with increased activity.” 

4. Overdoing exercise

Weekend warriors, listen up: Cramming a week’s worth of exercise into two days isn’t doing your joints any favors. “There’s a happy medium between exercising our muscles and not overdoing the stress on the joints,” says Dr. David Porter, an orthopedic foot and ankle surgeon in Indianapolis. “Studies have shown that people with arthritis who keep their muscles in good shape manage arthritis much better.”

Find the sweet spot with a mix of aerobic exercise and strength training. “Even 70-, 80- and 90-year-olds can continue to get good muscle responses to weight-training exercises,” Porter says. Research shows “that it’s easier to do daily activities — such as getting up out of a chair, going up and down steps, and possibly even decreasing the risk of falls — with more conditioned muscles.”

5. Carrying a heavy load 

It’s hardly a surprise that heavy lifting — whether it’s hauling a filled-to-capacity tote bag on a daily basis or picking up your growing grandchild — takes a toll on your body. And it exacts a specific toll on your joints. 

“Carrying objects that are heavy creates imbalance throughout the body,” Porter says. And these imbalances “create torque or stress on the joints, which can further deteriorate the cartilage over time.”

The trick, of course, is defining “heavy.” Porter says to consider it “any amount of weight that requires more than one hand to pick it up.” Play it safe and use the palms of both hands, or your arms instead of your hands, when you lift or carry stuff, the Arthritis Foundation suggests. Hold items close to your body — it’s less stressful for your joints.

6. Eating pro-inflammatory foods

We’re talking all the usual suspects: red meat, white sugar, French fries, soda, pastries. These pro-inflammatory foods can worsen joint pain, Mascarinas says. 

Meanwhile, foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids — flaxseed oil and cold-water fish like salmon and mackerel — are considered anti-inflammatory and can help alleviate inflamed joints. Leafy greens are also recommended, as are cholesterol-lowering foods like almonds, pistachios and walnuts, suggests a 2018 study published in Rheumatology, which found a link between high cholesterol and knee and hand osteoarthritis. 

Mascarinas suggests incorporating foods like olive oil, berries and fish into your diet if you’re experiencing joint pain. Foods that are high in beta-carotene, fiber, magnesium and omega-3s have also been linked to reduced inflammation in studies, she says. 

What’s more, “limiting pro-inflammatory foods like red meat, sugar and dairy can also decrease joint pain.” 

7. Texting, texting, texting

The occasional text does minimal, if any, harm to the joints in your hands. But constant typing on that mini keyboard (a.k.a. your cellphone) “creates inflammation of the joints and tendon sheaths, which can lead to pain and stiffness,” Porter says. 

The same holds true for iPads, laptops — basically anything with a keyboard. To avoid joint pain, take breaks. And consider relying on the speech-to-text function on your smartphone.

8. Skimping on sleep

Sleep and joint pain have a tricky relationship. On the one hand, your joint pain may be what’s keeping you up at night — about 70 percent of people with osteoarthritis experience sleep disturbances, according to the Arthritis Foundation. On the other hand, skipping out on sleep can make any pain you experience in the daytime even worse, the organization says.

Research suggests cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) can help people with chronic pain who have trouble sleeping. Sticking to an exercise program may also help, according to research from the University of Michigan. 

It’s well established that movement can help ease joint pain, and people who move more throughout the day are more likely to get a better night’s sleep, the researchers explain.   

Also: Check in with your doctor to see if any of your medications are to blame for your sleep issues. And be sure to ask about any health conditions that may be keeping you from your z’s, such as sleep apnea.

Editor’s note: This story, originally published Jan. 3, 2022, has been updated with new information.