The Effects of Soda and Soft Drinks on Your Health

Getty Images

Kelsey Ogletree,

AARP

En español

Published June 09, 2022

From designer sodas and fresh-pressed juices to bubble teas and chocolaty frappés, we have more options to suck through a straw than ever before. Creative nonalcoholic drinks are all the rage, often matching the latest cocktails in their complexity. Consider the Spring Fling, offered at Utah-based Swig, one of the new “old-fashioned” soda shops popping up of late. It’s made with Dr Pepper, vanilla, strawberry puree and coconut cream.

But this isn’t a healthy trend. Guzzling sugary beverages of any kind puts you at greater risk for weight gain, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. “Drinking calories is not natural. It was never part of a human being’s evolution,” says Zhaoping Li, M.D., director of the UCLA Center for Human Nutrition. In fact, sipping sugary drinks may be more harmful to your health than chowing down on a candy bar. Here’s why.

[an error occurred while processing this directive]

They turn into fat—fast

A typical healthy person has about 5 grams of glucose, a form of sugar, circulating in his or her blood. A 20-ounce bottle of cola contains 65 grams of sugar—five times as much as a typical glazed doughnut. When you drink a sugary beverage, it enters your bloodstream and raises your glucose levels very quickly — far faster than if you took in the same number of calories from a solid food. When your body suddenly has more blood sugar than it can use for energy, it converts this excess glucose into body fat.

Worse, even though sugary beverages are loaded with calories, your brain doesn’t recognize drinks as food. “Calories in liquid form do not really produce satiety,” Li says. So even as it floods you with sugar, a soda won’t trigger the hormones that tell you to stop eating.

[an error occurred while processing this directive]

They come dressed as ‘healthy’

The belief that certain drinks are “healthy” can cause people to forget about their sugar content, says Tim Spector, M.D., professor of genetic epidemiology at King’s CollegeLondon. “A great example of this is store-bought orange juice,” he adds. “It’s an ultra-processed food and has as much sugar as [soda]. And, for some people, it can cause the same sugar spikes.” Same goes for sweetened coffees, fruit smoothies or sports drinks, which can contain 34 grams of sugar in a 20-ouncebottle. The American Heart Association recommends adults consume no more than 6 teaspoons (25 grams) of added sugar per day for women (9 teaspoons, or 36 grams, for men). And that includes all the sugars snuck into the breads, sauces and prepared foods you eat.

They may shorten your life span

If the threat of diabetes and obesity weren’t scary enough, long-term consumption of sweet beverages may also increase your risk of dying from heart disease and certain cancers. Harvard researchers found sipping drinks sweetened with sugar to be associated with a moderately higher risk of breast cancer or colon cancer. They also discovered that for every additional sugary drink a person consumed, on average, per day, the risk of dying fromheart disease increased by 10 percent.

5 Ways to Cut Back

A sugary beverage now and then is OK as a treat. But on a regular basis, “the sugar rush is far too rapid for our bodies to handle,” says Tim Spector, M.D. Some ways to cut down:

Swap sparkling water for sugary soda. Calorie-free seltzers come in an array of flavors.
Brew your own iced tea. Chill a pot of tea, then add just a touch of sweetener if you want.
Flavor up your H2O. Sliced fruit or calorie-free powders or drops add zing to plain water.
Snack on fruit. Replace juices with whole fruits, especially citrus fruits and berries.
Don’t drink away stress. If you need an energy rush, consider physical or mental exercise.

Kelsey Ogletree, an Alabama-based journalist, writes about travel and food for Conde Nast Traveler, Travel + Leisure and the Wall Street Journal.

The Dangers of Soda and Other Sugary Drinks

A daily soft drink is more harmful than you think

They turn into fat—fast

They come dressed as ‘healthy’

They may shorten your life span