AARP Hearing Center
No one likes to be misled. But it can be especially frustrating and upsetting when caregivers are confronted with falsehoods or lies of omission from an older adult they’re caring for. Maybe the person doesn’t tell the whole truth about whether they’re taking their medicine as directed, eating well or doing their physical therapy exercises. Or, maybe they neglect to mention — or even deny — that they have fallen recently, have been experiencing symptoms like incontinence or dizziness, or haven’t been using their walker or other mobility assistance device.
“As people get older, and they’re not as physically or cognitively able, older adults may be apt to minimize difficulties they’re having and be reluctant to ask for help,” says Barry J. Jacobs, a clinical psychologist in the Philadelphia area and coauthor of The AARP Caregiver Answer Book. “Many older adults are afraid of losing some of the privileges of being a full-fledged adult, so they keep adult children in the dark. Mostly it’s lies of omission, or they minimize” what’s really going on.
Lying is a common behavior at any age. “All of us have a tendency to shade what the absolute truth is to protect ourselves,” Jacobs says. The same is true of older adults: They may fudge or omit the truth because they want to protect their independence or save face when they don’t do what they’re supposed to do to take care of themselves.
It could also be that they don’t want to worry their adult children or upset themselves with the truth. And in some instances, older adults may not be fully aware of their actions or diminished abilities or they may be in denial about them. Research has found that when older adults are instructed to lie, they are more likely to accept the falsehood as truth an hour later than younger adults are. In other words, older adults have a harder time recalling what really happened, which gives greater credence to the falsehood.
If an older adult has cognitive impairment or dementia, the person may not remember what they actually did or didn’t do, notes Dr. George Grossberg, professor in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience and director of the division of geriatric psychiatry at the St. Louis University School of Medicine. “Cognitive impairment can lead to nonadherence” to medications and other recommendations from a health care provider.
With a condition called anosognosia, someone with dementia isn’t able to fully realize their cognitive deficits, Jacobs says. “They can’t grasp that they have limitations they didn’t have before.” This can contribute to their minimizing or denying their behavior, creating the impression of dishonesty.
The trouble is, whether a deception is intentional or not, the stakes are often more serious for older adults. If they’ve been falling and they haven’t told their caregiver, something catastrophic could happen without safeguards being put into place. “The risks are great that someone has a medical condition for which they need some medical intervention and they don’t get it,” Jacobs says. If an older adult isn’t taking their medication as directed, they could suffer a worsening of their condition and end up in the hospital.
More From AARP
Letting Go of Caregiving Perfection
Caregiving is showing up, not being perfect
The Healing Power of Music and Friendship
United in grief, an extended family uses music to soothe and connect
Geriatric Care Managers: Support for Families
Aging care professionals provide advocacy, guidance