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Dow Drops 7.8% as Free Fall in Oil, Virus Fears Slam Markets

Interest rates hit record lows

spinner image Specialist Erica Fredrickson with worried look as she watches prices fall, on the floor of the New York Stock Exchange, Monday, March 9, 2020.
AP Photo/Richard Drew

The Dow Jones Industrial Average tumbled 7.8 percent Monday, its steepest drop since the financial crisis of 2008, as mounting fears over the coronavirus combined with a crash in oil prices to send a shudder through world markets.

The staggering losses immediately raised fears that the record-breaking 11-year bull market in the U.S. might be coming to an end. The drop on Wall Street was so sharp that it triggered the first automatic halt in trading in more than two decades. European stock indexes likewise registered their heaviest losses since the darkest days of the 2008 meltdown and are now in a bear market.

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Coronavirus and oil

The damage reflected growing alarm over the potential global economic damage from the coronavirus, which has infected more than 110,000 people worldwide and killed about 4,000, while triggering factory shutdowns, travel bans, closings of schools and stores, and cancellations of conventions and celebrations.

The market slide came as Italy, the hardest-hit place in Europe, began enforcing a lockdown against 16 million people in the north, or one-quarter of the country’s population. The Italian prime minister also announced that the restrictions will be extended throughout the country.

Ireland went so far as to cancel St. Patrick’s Day parades, and Israel ordered all visitors quarantined just weeks before Passover and Easter, one of the busiest travel periods of the year.

In the U.S., a cruise ship with a cluster of coronavirus cases that forced it to idle off the California coast for days arrived at the port of Oakland as officials prepared to start bringing passengers to military bases for quarantine or get them back to their home countries. The Grand Princess had more than 3,500 people aboard — 21 of them known to be infected with the virus.

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The escalating health crisis combined with another, intertwined development — plummeting oil prices — to drag down the market: The price of oil sank nearly 25 percent after Russia refused to roll back production in response to virus-depressed demand, and Saudi Arabia signaled it will ramp up its own output.

While low oil prices can translate into cheaper gasoline, they wreak havoc on energy companies and countries that count on petroleum revenue, including the No. 1 producer, the United States.

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Recession worries

“The fear today is: Are the bears correct in talking about a recession around the corner from this?” said Quincy Krosby, chief market strategist at Prudential Financial. “Is this just about now? Is this just about the oil? Is this just about the virus? Or are we looking at a recession around the corner because [of] all of this?”

On Wall Street, the S&P 500 plunged 7.4 percent in the first few minutes after the opening bell before trading was halted by the market’s circuit breakers, first adopted after the crash of October 1987 and modified over the years to give investors a chance to catch their breath. The market-wide circuit breakers have been triggered only once before, in 1997.

The S&P 500 has fallen 18.9 percent from the record high it set Feb. 19 and has lost $5.3 trillion in value during that time. U.S. stocks are now uncomfortably close to entering a bear market, defined as a drop of 20 percent from its peak.

The yield on U.S. Treasury bonds sank to all-time lows as investors looking for a safe place kept on sinking money into them, even as the return on their investment sank closer and closer to zero. The yield on the 10-year Treasury note plunged to 0.59 percent. Up until last week, it had never been below 1 percent. The Fed has already cut its benchmark short-term rate to a range of 1 percent to 1.25 percent, leaving little room to cut more.

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