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As we get older, keeping our minds sharp becomes increasingly important—and fortunately, one of the best ways to protect our brain health is also one of the most fulfilling: building and maintaining meaningful social connections.
Dr. Suvi Neukam, a geriatrician at Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU), has seen firsthand how social engagement supports cognitive and emotional health in older adults across the state. “Social interaction isn’t just something nice to have,” she says. “It plays a central role in brain function, emotional resilience, and even longevity.”
Why Social Engagement Matters
Research suggests that older adults who maintain active social lives are less likely to develop cognitive impairment and dementia. Dr. Neukam compares socializing to brain exercise: “When we connect with others—talking, laughing, problem-solving—we’re strengthening memory, attention, and executive function.”
It’s not just about the quantity of interactions, either. Quality matters. Sustained relationships, meaningful activities, and feeling needed all contribute to what psychologists call eudaimonic well-being—a sense of purpose that has been directly linked to improved brain health.
“If we don’t have a reason to get out of bed,” Neukam notes, “we often start losing our ability to get out of bed. Social purpose is protective.”
The Hidden Toll of Isolation
Social isolation and loneliness have profound biological effects. Studies have shown that isolation triggers stress responses in the body, increasing inflammation and reducing brain resilience.
“When we’re disconnected, our cortisol levels rise, and chronic inflammation can set in,” explains Dr. Neukam. “That inflammation affects vascular health, which in turn is tied to brain health. What’s good for the heart is good for the brain—and isolation is bad for both.”
Beyond the chemistry, isolation can lead to depression, anxiety, and apathy—symptoms that are themselves risk factors for cognitive decline. “We often see apathy or withdrawal before other signs of cognitive change,” she adds. “These early warning signs should never be ignored.”
Creating Connection: What Works Best?
Dr. Neukam encourages older adults to think creatively and personally when seeking connection. “There’s no one-size-fits-all solution. The best activity is the one you’re going to enjoy and stick with.”
Here are some categories of social engagement shown to boost cognitive health:
- Creative and Leisure Activities: Book clubs, art classes, music groups, and even knitting circles stimulate the brain and create bonds.
- Physical Activity with Others: Group exercise, like tai chi or walking groups, combines physical and social benefits.
- Cultural and Faith-Based Involvement: Attending plays, concerts, or services builds both community and purpose.
- Volunteering and Advocacy: Meaningful service can fill the “purpose gap” left by retirement, and supports cognitive resilience.
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