Medicaid and SNAP: Enrollee Experiences

Medicaid and SNAP are vital supports for older adults facing financial or health crises. New AARP research, based on interviews with current enrollees, reveals that most turn to these programs during moments of acute need — such as illness, job loss, or caregiving responsibilities. As one participant explained, they applied for assistance because they “needed somebody to help me to get what I needed to get,” highlighting the urgency and necessity behind these decisions.

Key Findings

Participants described Medicaid as a “game changer,” providing access to health care and prescriptions that would otherwise be unaffordable, while SNAP helped them afford food and maintain stability. Despite these benefits, many expressed anxiety about possible upcoming changes, especially new work requirements, and reported confusion due to limited official communication. Perceived barriers such as age, health conditions, and a challenging job market make meeting new requirements difficult for many.

Navigating Information and Change

Most enrollees rely on a mix of state agencies, written materials, and trusted professionals for information, preferring in-person or mail communication. News of policy changes often reaches them through informal channels, leaving many with unanswered questions and concerns about future eligibility.

Methodology

Findings are based on 14 in-depth interviews conducted in October 2025 with adults ages 50–64 enrolled in Medicaid, SNAP, or both, representing diverse backgrounds and locations.

For more information, please contact Cheryl Lampkin at clampkin@aarp.org. For media inquiries, contact External Relations at media@aarp.org.