Slideshow: Housing a Changing America

THE AMERICAN FAMILY (THEN): The post–World War II suburbanization of the United States was driven by the housing needs of nuclear families, a group defined as two parents and their minor children. In 1950, these families (including the Leveys, shown here, of Levittown, Long Island, a New York City suburb) represented 43 percent of households. Since then, unprecedented shifts in demographics and lifestyle have redefined who we are — and how we live. Today, nuclear families account for just 20 percent of U.S. households.

^{Photo by Bernard Hoffman, LIFE magazine, May 22, 1950, Getty Images}

THE AMERICAN HOUSEHOLD (NOW): The popular image of the American household needs updating, but so do our collective assumptions about the type of housing we need. A review of the nation’s overall housing stock by unit type reveals that more than 80 percent of the nation’s apartments and houses are built with two, three or four bedrooms. These residences are designed with a nuclear family in mind: one larger “master bedroom” for parents and smaller, secondary bedrooms for children. Additionally, there are more than twice as many two-bedroom units as there are studios and one-bedrooms combined.

TRADING PLACES: As this chart shows, the percentage of nuclear family households has been on a steady decline over the past 50 years while the percentage of single person households has been on the rise — so much so that there are more people living alone than as a family. 

THE NUMBERS: According to the 2015 American Community Survey by the U.S. Census Bureau, single people living alone is the most common household type in the nation. The next most common: couples with no children. Children are present in less than 30 percent of U.S. households.

STATE OF THE STATES: These color-coded maps of the United States represent the percentage of each state's population that are 65 or older, that live alone or are parenting a child or children alone. (More details are provided in the next slides.)

WE'RE RAPIDLY AGING: The nation’s population of older adults is experiencing unprecedented growth. By 2030, more than 1 in 5 people in the United States will be age 65 or older — and by 2035, older adults are projected to outnumber children for the first time ever.

WE COME AND GO: Divorce, remarriage and nonmarital cohabitation result in households that change size throughout the year, month or even week. Since 2014 (and for the first time on record) living with at least one parent has become the most common living arrangement for adults ages 18 to 34.

FAMILY IN FLUX: The U.S. Census Bureau found that over a three-year-period, 31 percent of all children under age 6 experienced a change in the number of parents with whom they lived. 

LIVING SINGLE, MARRYING LATER (MAYBE): Divorce has contributed to an increase in older singles, and the trend is particularly true for women, who tend to outlive their male spouses. Nearly half, or 48 percent, of all American adults are single. Both men and women are delaying marriage. 

SINGLE PARENTING: The percentage of children living in a single-parent household has tripled since 1960. Single-parent households typically bring in less than half the median income of married couples. The average cost of center-based infant care exceeds that income by 24 percent. For many single parents, sharing housing and/or childcare responsibilities is a social and economic imperative.

STUCK IN (OR BELOW) THE MIDDLE: In 1971, 61 percent of all U.S. households earned between half and two-thirds of the median income. By 2015, the share of households in this middle tier had dropped to 50 percent. When adjusted for inflation, the U.S. median household income is virtually the same as it was in the mid-1990s.

RENT AND REAL ESTATE COSTS KEEP RISING: Although the median household income has stagnated, median home prices and rents now exceed those prior to the Great Recession. There is a widening gap between median household income and median home prices and rents.

Making Room: Housing for a Changing America, introduces a potential future in which people of all ages, life stages, abilities and incomes can select from a wider menu of housing options.

Learn how to order or download this free, 84-page, photo-filled publication by AARP and the National Building Museum